| Essential Question | Level of Thinking |
| What are the characteristcs of ungrounded, high resistance grounded, and solidly grounded power systems? | |
| What are common mode voltages and currents; how do ground faults impact common mode voltages and currents; what are the implications of common mode currents flowing in the ship's hull? |
|
| What are separately derived systems, how are they implemented, and what are the implications of not operating two power systems as separately derived systems? |
|
| How are ground faults detected and localized for the different types of grounding systems? | |
| When should each type of grounding system be employed onboard ship? | |
I_20251119a Power System Grounding Figures
I_20240921a USS Slater (DE-766) Ground Detection Lamps
Experiment 2: Delta-Delta Transformer – ungrounded system – Ground Fault
Experiment 7: Delta-Wye Transformer – 4 wire – ungrounded system – ground
Experiment 9: Delta-Wye Transformer – 4 wire – HRG system – unbalanced load and ground fault
Experiment 12: Delta–Delta Transformer– HRG with zig–zag transformer – Ground Fault
Experiment 13: Delta–Delta Transformer– HRG with Wye–Delta transformer – Ground Fault
Experiment 14: Delta–Delta Transformer– HRG with Wye–Broken Delta transformer – Ground Fault
Common Mode Fundamentals – Part 1
Common Mode Fundamentals – Part 2 – Common Mode Modeling
Common Mode Fundamentals – Part 3 – Modeling CM Voltage Sources
Experiment 11: Six–pulse rectifier – common mode voltage and current – ground fault
IEEE Std 45.1 IEEE Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations on Shipboard--Design
IEEE Std 45.3 IEEE Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations on Shipboard--Systems Engineering
Doerry, Norbert, Mohammed M. Islam, John Prousalidis, Design of Shipboard Power System Grounding / Earthing , IEEE Press - Wiley, January 2025, ISBN-10 1119933080 ISBN-13 978-1119933083
Doerry, Dr. Norbert H., Integrated Electric Propulsion,The Marine Engineering Series Edited by Michael G. Parson, SNAME, Alexandria VA, 2020 ISBN 978-1-7923-1226-7
Jacobson, Boris, and John Walker, " Grounding Considerations for DC and Mixed DC and AC Power Systems," Naval Engineers Journal, Volume 119, Number 2, 1 October 2007 , pp. 49-62.
(C) Copyright 2024-2025 Norbert Doerry
This work by Norbert Doerry is licensed under CC BY 4.0